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Q. Why is it important to differentiate between items that are zero-rated for VAT and those that are exempt?

A: Although both zero-rated and exempt supplies result in no VAT being applied to the supply, they are very different, and it is important to understand the distinctions.

Zero-rating is a rate of VAT, albeit at zero per cent. The goods and/or services to which it applies are taxable supplies. This in turn renders any supplier of zero-rated goods and/or services liable to register for VAT, where appropriate. Please see the GOV.uk website for further information on registration.  The advantage of VAT registration is that VAT can be reclaimed on costs.

However, a business making solely exempt supplies is not making taxable supplies, so cannot register for VAT. Consequently, all VAT incurred upon expenditure becomes an additional irrecoverable cost.

Where a supply could be either zero-rated or exempt, zero-rating takes priority.

The information provided in this blog is for general informational purposes only and should not be considered professional advice. As far as we are aware, the content is accurate at time of publication. Torgersens assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions in the content or for any actions taken based on the information provided.

About the Author

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Martin Johnson

Consultant
Martin joined Torgersens from KPMG in 1984 and was a partner from 1988 until his retirement in September 2025.  Martin is now a part-time consultant with the firm, providing support to Torgersens’ colleagues and clients as needed with tax, accountancy, and business advice.

To get in touch please e-mail martin.johnson@torgersens.com.

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